Prohibition chased overseas some American barmen who could not – or would not – reinvent themselves stateside. One such expat, Harry MacElhone, opened the legendary Harry's New York Bar in Paris. The hangout for such famous actors and writers as Humphry Bogart, Ernest Hemingway and Rita Hayworth is also where the Boulevardier is said to have been born. The name came from writer Erskine Gwynne, a nephew of Alfred Vanderbilt who fled to Paris to start a French version of The New Yorker magazine called Le Boulevardier. Gwynne's signature drink appeared in Barflies and Cocktails, the 1927 bar guide penned by Harry MacElhone.